NbCl5 Functionalized Perlite: A Potent and Recyclable Catalyst for Synthesis of Pyrans

Niobium pentachloride functionalised perlite was prepared via a solid state dispersion technique, which utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of pyrans. The immobilisation NbCl5 over examined by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectra (EDS), and Brunauer, Emmett Teller (BET) surface area measurements. wt% NbCl5-loaded optimized based on adequacy respect to yield pyrans in various solvents. recyclability validated synthesizing results marked its efficiency up five runs. efficacy NbCl5/perlite found be comparable better other catalysts reported. structures were confirmed FT-IR, 1H 13C NMR spectral techniques. proposed recyclable simplifies protocol, has minimal chemical waste, lower reaction time high-yield.